IMPLIKASI VARIABEL LINGKUNGAN, MAKROEKONOMI DAN MIKROEKONOMI DARI PENERAPAN PAJAK KARBON MENUJU EKONOMI BERKELANJUTAN DI INDONESIA
Abstract
Gas rumah kaca yang dilepaskan ke atmosfer selama beberapa dekade kini menyebabkan pemanasan global. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah dampak penerapan pajak karbon terhadap variabel lingkungan, makroekonomi dan mikroekonomi ika diterapkan di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode CGE dengan menggunakan GTAP-E untuk mengevaluasi kebijakan energi dalam perekonomian. GTAP-E terdiri dari 140 negara dan 57 sektor yang digabungkan menjadi empat puluh dua wilayah dan delapan sektor. Menggunakan skenario pajak karbon (simulasi 1 sebesar 1,93USD dan simulasi 2 sebesar 3,72USD, simulasi 3 sebesar 4,83 USD). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa variabel lingkungan hidup CO2 mengalami penurunan, dengan penurunan terbesar terjadi pada sektor batubara, disusul minyak bumi, gas dan olahan minyak bumi lainnya. Dampak variabel makro menyebabkan PDB naik, perubahan neraca perdagangan meningkat, harga pasar komoditas menurun di bebrapa sektor, dan nilai impor barang sektor batubara, Minyak bumi, dan gas menurun. Variabel mikro terlihat pada kepuasan/utilitas belanja pemerintah per kapita meningkat, utilitas belanja swasta menurun.
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Yusuf, A. A., & Resosudarmo, B. P. 2015. On the distributional impact of a carbon tax in developing countries: the case of Indonesia. Environmental Economics and Policy Studies, 171, 131–156. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10018-014-0093-y
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Cao, J., Ho, M., & Timilsina, G. R. 2016. Impacts of Carbon Pricing in Reducing the Carbon Intensity of China’s GDP. Impacts of Carbon Pricing in Reducing the Carbon Intensity of China’s GDP, June. https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-7735
Coxhead, I., Wattanakuljarus, A., & Nguyen, C. V. 2013. Are carbon taxes good for the poor? A general equilibrium analysis for Vietnam. World Development, 51, 119–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2013.05.013
Frey, M. 2017. Assessing the impact of a carbon tax in Ukraine. Climate Policy, 173, 378–396. https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2015.1096230
Grottera, C., Pereira, A. O., & La Rovere, E. L. 2017. Impacts of carbon pricing on income inequality in Brazil. Climate and Development, 91, 80–93. https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2015.1067183
Guo, Z., Zhang, X., Zheng, Y., & Rao, R. 2014. Exploring the impacts of a carbon tax on the Chinese economy using a CGE model with a detailed disaggregation of energy sectors. Energy Economics, 45, 455–462. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2014.08.016
Hasudungan, V. W. H. 2016. The Impact of Implementing Carbon Tax and Feed-in Tariff: A CGE Analysis of the Indonesian Cas.
Kat, B., Paltsev, S., & Yuan, M. 2018. Turkish Energy Sector Development and the Paris Agreement Goals: A CGE Model Assessment. MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy, 4307July, 19. Retrieved from http://globalchange.mit.edu/%0Ahttps://globalchange.mit.edu/sites/default/files/MITJPSPGC_Rpt332.pdf
Kolsuz, G., & Yeldan, A. E. 2017. Economics of climate change and green employment: A general equilibrium investigation for Turkey. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 70 October 2016, 1240–1250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.12.025
Li, Y., & Su, B. 2017. The impacts of carbon pricing on coastal megacities: A CGE analysis of Singapore. Journal of Cleaner Production, 165, 1239–1248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.07.206
Liang, Q. M., & Wei, Y. M. 2012. Distributional impacts of taxing carbon in China: Results from the CEEPA model. Applied Energy, 92, 545–551. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.10.036
Nong, D. 2018. General equilibrium economy-wide impacts of the increased energy taxes in Vietnam. Energy Policy, 12 September, 471–481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2018.09.023
Nordhaus, B. W. D. 2006. After Kyoto : Alternative Mechanisms to Control Global Warming Author s : William D . Nordhaus Source : The American Economic Review , Vol . 96 , No . 2 May , 2006 , pp . 31-34 Published by : American Economic Association. American Economic Review, 962, 31–34.
Nurdianto, A. D., & Resosudarmo, P. B. 2016. The Economy-wide Impact of a Uniform Carbon Tax in ASEAN. Southeast Asian Economies, 331, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1355/ae33-1a
Octaviano, C., Paltsev, S., & Gurgel, A. C. 2014. Climate change policy in Brazil and Mexico: Results from the MIT EPPA model. Energy Economics, 562016, 600–614. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2015.04.007
Ojha, V. P., Pohit, S., & Ghosh, J. 2020. Recycling carbon tax for inclusive green growth: A CGE analysis of India. Energy Policy, 14 March 2018, 111708. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111708
Perman, R., Ma, Y., MCGilvray, J., & Common, M. 2003. Natural Resource and Environmental Economics. 3rd Edition. In Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Vol. 6. https://doi.org/10.2174/156802606777323773
Pizer, W. A. 2002. Combining price and quantity controls to mitigate global climate change. Journal of Public Economics, 853, 409–434. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0047-27270100118-9
Puttanapong, N., Wachirarangsrikul, S., Phonpho, W., & Raksakulkarn, V. 2015. A Monte-Carlo Dynamic CGE Model for the Impact Analysis of Thailand’s Carbon Tax Policies. Journal of Sustainable Energy & Environment, 62, 43–53.
Timilsina, G. R., Cao, J., & Ho, M. 2018. Carbon tax for achieving China’s NDC: Simulations of some design features using a CGE model. Climate Change Economics, 93, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1142/S2010007818500069
Ward, J., & Batista, G. de. 2016. Modeling the Impact on South Africa’s Economy of Introducing a Carbon Tax. In PMR World Bank Group. https://doi.org/10.1596/25762
Wattanakuljarus, A. 2019. Effects and burdens of a carbon tax scheme in Thailand. Eurasian Economic Review, 92, 173–219. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40822-018-0100-x
Wei, Y. 2014. CEEP-BIT WORKING PAPER SERIES Climate policy modeling : An online SCI-E and SSCI based literature review Zhimin Huang Beijing Institute of Technology.
Wei, Y., Zhi, F. M., & Huang, Z. 2014. Climate policy modeling : An online SCI-E and SSCI based literature review.
Wesseh, P. K., & Lin, B. 2016. Optimal emission taxes for full internalization of environmental externalities. Journal of Cleaner Production, 137, 871–877. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.07.141
Yusuf, A. A., & Resosudarmo, B. P. 2015. On the distributional impact of a carbon tax in developing countries: the case of Indonesia. Environmental Economics and Policy Studies, 171, 131–156. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10018-014-0093-y
Zulkarnaen, W., Fitriani, I., & Yuningsih, N. (2020). Pengembangan Supply Chain Management Dalam Pengelolaan Distribusi Logistik Pemilu Yang Lebih Tepat Jenis, Tepat Jumlah Dan Tepat Waktu Berbasis Human Resources Competency Development Di KPU Jawa Barat. Jurnal Ilmiah MEA (Manajemen, Ekonomi, & Akuntansi), 4(2), 222-243. https://doi.org/10.31955/mea.vol4.iss2.pp222-243.
Published
2024-02-10
How to Cite
Ayu, P., Andrianus, F., Saibah, B., Sufiawan, N., & Cahyadi, R. (2024). IMPLIKASI VARIABEL LINGKUNGAN, MAKROEKONOMI DAN MIKROEKONOMI DARI PENERAPAN PAJAK KARBON MENUJU EKONOMI BERKELANJUTAN DI INDONESIA. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, Ekonomi, & Akuntansi (MEA), 8(1), 1003-1024. https://doi.org/10.31955/mea.v8i1.3785
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