DOES POLITICAL CONNECTION AND CONSERVATISM INFLUENCE EARNINGS MANAGEMENT?

  • Tubagus Mahardhika President University, Bekasi, Jawa Barat
  • Vita Elisa Fitriana President University, Bekasi, Jawa Barat
Keywords: Earnings Management, Political Connection, Conservatism

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to determine the influence of the political connection and conservatism toward earnings management. The sample in this research are manufacturing companies that listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) which consist of 126 observation which come from 63 companies for the period of 2016-2017.  Multiple linear regression is used to analyze the hypothesis in this research. The results show that political connection has no significant effect towards earnings management, meanwhile conservatism has significant effect towards earnings management.

References

Agrawal, A., & Knoeber, C. (2001). Do Some Outside Directors Play a Political Role? Journal of Law and Economics, 44(1), 179-198.

Ang, J. S., Ding, D. K., & Thong, T. Y. (2013). Political Connection and Firm Value. Asian Development Review, 30(2), 131-166.

Backman, M. (2001). Asian Eclipse: Exposing the Dark Side of Business in Asia, Revised edition. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons.

Basu, S. (1997). The Conservatism Principle and Asymetric Timeliness of Earnings. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 24(1), 3-37.

Beaver, W. H., & Ryan, S. G. (2005). Conditional and Unconditional Conservatism: Concept and Modeling. Review of Accounting Studies,, 10(2-3), 269-309.

Blau, B., Brough, T., & Thomas, D. (2013). Corporate Lobbying, Political Connections and the Bailout of Banks. Journal of Banking and Finance, 37(8), 3007-3017.

Bliss, J. H. (1924). Management through Accounts. New York: The Ronald Press Co.

Blom, M. (2009). The Effect of the Implentation of IFRS on the Level of Earnings Management (Master's Thesis). Retrieved from Erasmus University Rotterdam Database: (Accession No. 156531).

Braam, G., Nandy, M., Witzel, U., & Lodh, S. (2015). Accrual-based and Real Earnings Management and Political Connections. The International Journal of Accounting, 50(2), 111-141.

Chaney, P. K., Faccio, M., & Parsley, D. (2011). The Quality of Accounting Information in Politically Connected Firms. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 51(1-2), 58-76.

Chen, C. J., Li, Z., Su, X., & Sun, Z. (2011). Rent-Seeking Incentives, Corporate Political Connections, and the Control Structure of Private Firms: Chinese Evidence. Journal of Corporate Finance, 17(2), 229-243.

Claessens, S., Feijen, E., & Laeven, L. (2008). Political Connections and Preferential Access to Dinance: The Role of Campaign Contributions. Journal of Financial Economics, 88(3), 554-580.

Cooper, M., Gulen, H., & Ovtchinnikov, A. (2010). Corporate Political Contributions and Stock Returns. Journal of Finance, 65(2), 687-7243.

Cull, R., & Xu, L. C. (2005). Institutions, Ownership, and Finance: The Determinants of Profit Reinvestment among Chinese Firms. Journal of Financial Economics, 77(1), 117-146.

Dechow, P. M., Sloan, R. G., & Sweeney, A. P. (1995). Detecting Earnings Management. The Accounting Review, 70(2), 193-225.

Donovan, J., Frankel, R. M., & Martin, X. (2015). Accounting Conservatism and Creditor Rcovery Rate. The Accounting Review, 90(6), 2267-2303.

Faccio, M. (2006). Politically Connected Firms. American Economic Review, 96(1), 369-386.

Faccio, M., Masulis, R., & McConnell, J. (2006). Political Connections and Corporate Bailouts. Financial Management, 61(6), 2597-2635.

Fisman, R. (2001). Estimating the Value of Political Connections. American Economic Review, 91(4), 1095-1102.

Ghozali, I. (2016). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariete dengan Program IBM SPSS 23 (Edisi 8), Cetakan ke VIII. Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.

Givoly, D., & Hayn, C. (2000). The Changing Time-series Properties of Earnings, Cash Flows and Accruals: Has Financial Reporting Become More Conservative? Journal of Accounting and Economics, 29(3), 287-320.

Givoly, D., Hayn, C., & Natarajan, A. (2007). Measuring Reporting Conservatism. The Accounting Review, 82(1), 65-106.

Goh, B. W., & Li, D. (2011). Internal Controls and Conditional Conservatism. The Accounting Review, 86(3), 975-1005.

Goldman, E., Rocholl, J., & So, J. (2009). Do Politically Connected Boards Affect Firm Value? Review of Financial Studies, 22(6), 2331-2360.

Goldman, E., So, J., & Rocholl, J. (2011). Politically Connected Boards of Directors and the Allocation of Procurement Contracts. SSRN working paper.

Harymawan, I., & Nowland, J. E. (2016). Political Connections and Earnings Quality: How do Connected Firms Respond to Changes in Political Stability and Government Effectiveness? International Journal of Accounting & Information Management, 24(4), 1-19.

Healy, P. M., & Wahlen, J. M. (1999). A Review of the Earnings Management Literature and its Implications for Standard Setting. Accounting Horizon, 13(4), 365-383.

Hillman, A. (2005). Politicians on the Board of Directors: Do Connections Affect The Bottom Line? Journal of Management, 31(3), 464-481.

Houston, J., Jiang, L., Lin, C., & May, Y. (2014). Political Connections and the Cost of Bank Loans. Journal of Accounting Research, 52(1), 193-243.

Johnson, S., & Mitton, T. (2003). Cronyism and Capital Controls: Evidence from Malaysia. Journal of Financial Economics, 67(2), 351-382.

Karpoff, J., Lee, D., & Vendrzyk, V. (1999). Defense Procurement Fraud and Contractor Influence. Journal of Political Economy, 107(4), 809-842.

Khan, M., & Watts, R. L. (2009). Estimation and Empirical Properties of Firm Year Measure of Accounting Conservatism. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 48(2-3), 132-150.

Khwaja, A., & Mian, A. (2005). Do Lenders Favor Politically Connected Firms? Rent Provision in an Emerging Financial Market. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 120(4), 1371-1411.

Kim, C., & Zhang, L. (2015). Corporate Political Connections and Tax Aggressiveness. Contemporary Accounting Research, 33(1), 78-114.

Kim, Y., Li, S., Pan, C., & Zuo, L. (2013). The Role of Accounting Conservatism in the Equity Market: Evidence from Seasoned Equity Offerings. The Accounting Review, 88(4), 1327-1356.

Lara, J. M., Osma, B. G., & Penalva, F. (2009). Accounting Conservatism and Corporate Governance. Review of Accounting Studies, 14(1), 161-201.

Lee, H. S., Li, X., & Sami, H. (2015). Conditional Conservatism and Audit fees. Accounting horizons, 29(1), 83-113.

Leuz, C., & Oberholzer-Gee, F. (2006). Political Relationships, Global Financing, and Corporate Transparency: Evidence from Indonesia. Journal of Financial Economics, 81(2), 411-439.

Lin, F., C.M., W., T.Y., F., & J.C., W. (2014). The Relations among Accounting Conservatism, Institutional Investors and Earnings Manipulation. Economic Modelling, 37(1), 164-174.

Mohanram, P. (2003). How to Manage Earnings Management? India: Institute of Chartered Financial Analysts of India.

Schipper, K. (1989). Commentary on Earnings Management. Accounting Horizon, 3(4), 91-102.

Scott, W. R. (2006). Financial Accounting Theory, 4th Edition. Canada: Pearson Education.

Siregar, S. V., & Utama, S. (2008). Type of Earnings Management and the Effect of Ownership Structure, Firm Size, and Corporate-Governance Practices: Evidence from Indonesia. The International Journal of Accounting, 43(1), 1-27.

Watts, R. L. (2003). Conservatism in Accounting Part I: Explanations and Implications. Accounting Horizons, 17(3), 207-221.

Xiong, Y. (2006). Earnings Management and its Measurement: A Theoretical Perspective. The Journal of American Academy of Business, 9(2), 214-219.

Yeh, Y., Shu, P., & Chiu, S. (2013). Political Connections, Corporate Governance and Preferential Bank Loans. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 21(1), 1079-1101.

Published
2019-08-31
How to Cite
Mahardhika, T., & Fitriana, V. (2019). DOES POLITICAL CONNECTION AND CONSERVATISM INFLUENCE EARNINGS MANAGEMENT?. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, Ekonomi, & Akuntansi (MEA), 3(3), 53-66. https://doi.org/10.31955/mea.v3i3.181