MOTIVASI KERJA GENERASI Z DI INDONESIA : SEBUAH EKSPLORASI TEORITIS MENGGUNAKAN METODE ZALTMAN METHAPORE ELICITATION TECHNIQUE (ZMET)
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengekplorasi dan mengungkap teori motivasi mana yang paling relevan dalam menggambarkan motivasi kerja generasi z di Indonesia. Metode Zaltman Methapore Elicitation Technique (ZMET) digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan 20 orang responden (peserta) untuk diwawancara secara komprehensif dan mendalam. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat 4 konstruk yang dinilai berkontribusi positif pada meningkatnya motivasi kerja generasi Z di Indonesia meliputi pemenuhan kebutuhan dasar, aktualisasi diri, penghargaan finansial dan lingkungan kerja yang kondusif. Pada akhirnya penelitian ini memberikan rekomendasi teoritis bahwa motivasi instrinsik dan ekstrinsik bukanlah dua teori yang terpisah melainkan harus digunakan dan diterapkan secara bersama-sama demi memberikan luaran motivasi kerja yang kuat pada generasi z di Indonesia.
References
Adelowotan, M. O. (2021). The usefulness of human capital disclosures: Perspectives of human resource managers. African Journal of Business and Economic Research, 16(1), 331–360. https://doi.org/10.31920/1750-4562/2021/v16n1a15
Anh Do, D., Diem Doan, Q., Khanh Vu, L., Thi Le, T., Minh Tran, N., & Linh Nguyen, G. (2023). Antecedents of turnover intention among Gen z in Vietnam: The mediating role of affective commitment. Cogent Business and Management, 10(3), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2267811
de Boer, P., & Bordoloi, P. (2022). Nationality differences in Gen Z work values: an exploratory study. Journal of International Education in Business, 15(2), 373–392. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIEB-09-2021-0088
Gravel, E. E., Pelletier, L. G., & Reissing, E. D. (2016). “Doing it” for the right reasons: Validation of a measurement of intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and amotivation for sexual relationships. Personality and Individual Differences, 92, 164–173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.12.015
Green, P. I., Finkel, E. J., Fitzsimons, G. M., & Gino, F. (2017). The energizing nature of work engagement: Toward a new need-based theory of work motivation. Research in Organizational Behavior, 37, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.riob.2017.10.007
Hua, Y., Cheng, X., Hou, T., & Luo, R. (2020). Monetary Rewards, Intrinsic Motivators, and Work Engagement in the IT-Enabled Sharing Economy: A Mixed-Methods Investigation of Internet Taxi Drivers*. Decision Sciences, 51(3), 755–785. https://doi.org/10.1111/deci.12372
Iskandar, D., & Yusnandar, W. (2021). Peranan Kinerja Karyawan: Berpengaruh Motivasi dan Lingkungan Kerja. Seminar Nasional Teknologi Edukasi Sosial Dan Humaniora (SiNTESa), 1(1), 99–110. http://jurnal.ceredindonesia.or.id/index.php/sintesa/article/view/297
Jufrizen, J. (2021). Pengaruh Fasilitas Kerja Dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Melalui Motivasi Kerja. Sains Manajemen, 7(1), 35–54. https://doi.org/10.30656/sm.v7i1.2277
Ki, N. (2022). The Effectiveness of Monetary and Promotion Rewards in the Public Sector and the Moderating Effect of PSM (PSM-Reward Fit or PSM Crowding Out): A Survey Experiment. Administration and Society, 54(2), 277–310. https://doi.org/10.1177/00953997211025983
Kuranchie-Mensah, E. B., & Amponsah-Tawiah, K. (2016). Employee motivation and work performance: A comparative study of mining companies in Ghana. Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management, 9(2), 255–309. https://doi.org/10.3926/jiem.1530
Lašáková, A., Vojteková, M., & Procházková, L. (2023). What (De)Motivates Gen Z Women and Gen Z Men At Work? Comparative Study of Gender Differences in the Young Generation’S Motivation. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 24(4), 771–796. https://doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2023.20439
Lee, C. C., Roback, T., & Lim, H. S. (2021). Factors Impacting Work Engagement of Gen Z Employees: A Regression Analysis. Journal of Leadership, Accountability and Ethics, 18(3), 147–160. https://doi.org/10.33423/jlae.v18i3.4414
Mahmoud, A. B., Fuxman, L., Mohr, I., Reisel, W. D., & Grigoriou, N. (2021). “We aren’t your reincarnation!” workplace motivation across X, Y and Z generations. International Journal of Manpower, 42(1), 193–209. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-09-2019-0448
Mitchell, R., Schuster, L., & Jin, H. S. (2020). Gamification and the impact of extrinsic motivation on needs satisfaction: Making work fun? Journal of Business Research, 106(November 2018), 323–330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.11.022
Nguyen, H. M., & Nguyen, L. V. (2023). Employer attractiveness, employee engagement and employee performance. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 72(10), 2859–2881. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-04-2021-0232
Olafsen, A. H., Halvari, H., Forest, J., & Deci, E. L. (2015). Show them the money? The role of pay, managerial need support, and justice in a self-determination theory model of intrinsic work motivation. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 56(4), 447–457. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.12211
Putra, E. D., Cho, S., & Liu, J. (2017). Extrinsic and intrinsic motivation on work engagement in the hospitality industry: Test of motivation crowding theory. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 17(2), 228–241. https://doi.org/10.1177/1467358415613393
Sigaeva, N., Arasli, H., Ozdemir, E., Atai, G., & Capkiner, E. (2022). In Search of Effective Gen Z Engagement in the Hospitality Industry: Revisiting Issues of Servant and Authentic Leadership. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(20), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142013105
Sun, Y., Zhang, Y., & Shen, X. L. (2022). Will extrinsic motivation motivate or demotivate knowledge contributors? A moderated mediation analysis. Journal of Knowledge Management, 26(9), 2255–2274. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-01-2021-0048
Van den Broeck, A., Howard, J. L., Van Vaerenbergh, Y., Leroy, H., & Gagné, M. (2021). Beyond intrinsic and extrinsic motivation: A meta-analysis on self-determination theory’s multidimensional conceptualization of work motivation. Organizational Psychology Review, 11(3), 240–273. https://doi.org/10.1177/20413866211006173
Zulkarnaen, W., Fitriani, I., & Yuningsih, N. (2020). Pengembangan Supply Chain Management Dalam Pengelolaan Distribusi Logistik Pemilu Yang Lebih Tepat Jenis, Tepat Jumlah Dan Tepat Waktu Berbasis Human Resources Competency Development Di KPU Jawa Barat. Jurnal Ilmiah MEA (Manajemen, Ekonomi, & Akuntansi), 4(2), 222-243. https://doi.org/10.31955/mea.vol4.iss2.pp222-243.
Anh Do, D., Diem Doan, Q., Khanh Vu, L., Thi Le, T., Minh Tran, N., & Linh Nguyen, G. (2023). Antecedents of turnover intention among Gen z in Vietnam: The mediating role of affective commitment. Cogent Business and Management, 10(3), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2267811
de Boer, P., & Bordoloi, P. (2022). Nationality differences in Gen Z work values: an exploratory study. Journal of International Education in Business, 15(2), 373–392. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIEB-09-2021-0088
Gravel, E. E., Pelletier, L. G., & Reissing, E. D. (2016). “Doing it” for the right reasons: Validation of a measurement of intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and amotivation for sexual relationships. Personality and Individual Differences, 92, 164–173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.12.015
Green, P. I., Finkel, E. J., Fitzsimons, G. M., & Gino, F. (2017). The energizing nature of work engagement: Toward a new need-based theory of work motivation. Research in Organizational Behavior, 37, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.riob.2017.10.007
Hua, Y., Cheng, X., Hou, T., & Luo, R. (2020). Monetary Rewards, Intrinsic Motivators, and Work Engagement in the IT-Enabled Sharing Economy: A Mixed-Methods Investigation of Internet Taxi Drivers*. Decision Sciences, 51(3), 755–785. https://doi.org/10.1111/deci.12372
Iskandar, D., & Yusnandar, W. (2021). Peranan Kinerja Karyawan: Berpengaruh Motivasi dan Lingkungan Kerja. Seminar Nasional Teknologi Edukasi Sosial Dan Humaniora (SiNTESa), 1(1), 99–110. http://jurnal.ceredindonesia.or.id/index.php/sintesa/article/view/297
Jufrizen, J. (2021). Pengaruh Fasilitas Kerja Dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Melalui Motivasi Kerja. Sains Manajemen, 7(1), 35–54. https://doi.org/10.30656/sm.v7i1.2277
Ki, N. (2022). The Effectiveness of Monetary and Promotion Rewards in the Public Sector and the Moderating Effect of PSM (PSM-Reward Fit or PSM Crowding Out): A Survey Experiment. Administration and Society, 54(2), 277–310. https://doi.org/10.1177/00953997211025983
Kuranchie-Mensah, E. B., & Amponsah-Tawiah, K. (2016). Employee motivation and work performance: A comparative study of mining companies in Ghana. Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management, 9(2), 255–309. https://doi.org/10.3926/jiem.1530
Lašáková, A., Vojteková, M., & Procházková, L. (2023). What (De)Motivates Gen Z Women and Gen Z Men At Work? Comparative Study of Gender Differences in the Young Generation’S Motivation. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 24(4), 771–796. https://doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2023.20439
Lee, C. C., Roback, T., & Lim, H. S. (2021). Factors Impacting Work Engagement of Gen Z Employees: A Regression Analysis. Journal of Leadership, Accountability and Ethics, 18(3), 147–160. https://doi.org/10.33423/jlae.v18i3.4414
Mahmoud, A. B., Fuxman, L., Mohr, I., Reisel, W. D., & Grigoriou, N. (2021). “We aren’t your reincarnation!” workplace motivation across X, Y and Z generations. International Journal of Manpower, 42(1), 193–209. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-09-2019-0448
Mitchell, R., Schuster, L., & Jin, H. S. (2020). Gamification and the impact of extrinsic motivation on needs satisfaction: Making work fun? Journal of Business Research, 106(November 2018), 323–330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.11.022
Nguyen, H. M., & Nguyen, L. V. (2023). Employer attractiveness, employee engagement and employee performance. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 72(10), 2859–2881. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-04-2021-0232
Olafsen, A. H., Halvari, H., Forest, J., & Deci, E. L. (2015). Show them the money? The role of pay, managerial need support, and justice in a self-determination theory model of intrinsic work motivation. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 56(4), 447–457. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.12211
Putra, E. D., Cho, S., & Liu, J. (2017). Extrinsic and intrinsic motivation on work engagement in the hospitality industry: Test of motivation crowding theory. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 17(2), 228–241. https://doi.org/10.1177/1467358415613393
Sigaeva, N., Arasli, H., Ozdemir, E., Atai, G., & Capkiner, E. (2022). In Search of Effective Gen Z Engagement in the Hospitality Industry: Revisiting Issues of Servant and Authentic Leadership. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(20), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142013105
Sun, Y., Zhang, Y., & Shen, X. L. (2022). Will extrinsic motivation motivate or demotivate knowledge contributors? A moderated mediation analysis. Journal of Knowledge Management, 26(9), 2255–2274. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-01-2021-0048
Van den Broeck, A., Howard, J. L., Van Vaerenbergh, Y., Leroy, H., & Gagné, M. (2021). Beyond intrinsic and extrinsic motivation: A meta-analysis on self-determination theory’s multidimensional conceptualization of work motivation. Organizational Psychology Review, 11(3), 240–273. https://doi.org/10.1177/20413866211006173
Zulkarnaen, W., Fitriani, I., & Yuningsih, N. (2020). Pengembangan Supply Chain Management Dalam Pengelolaan Distribusi Logistik Pemilu Yang Lebih Tepat Jenis, Tepat Jumlah Dan Tepat Waktu Berbasis Human Resources Competency Development Di KPU Jawa Barat. Jurnal Ilmiah MEA (Manajemen, Ekonomi, & Akuntansi), 4(2), 222-243. https://doi.org/10.31955/mea.vol4.iss2.pp222-243.
Published
2024-12-29
How to Cite
Sani, A., Hafiz, M., & Marpaung, A. (2024). MOTIVASI KERJA GENERASI Z DI INDONESIA : SEBUAH EKSPLORASI TEORITIS MENGGUNAKAN METODE ZALTMAN METHAPORE ELICITATION TECHNIQUE (ZMET). Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, Ekonomi, & Akuntansi (MEA), 8(3), 2857-2872. https://doi.org/10.31955/mea.v8i3.4826
Section
Articles
Copyright (c) 2024 Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, Ekonomi, & Akuntansi (MEA)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
